Kayaks are typically long, narrow vessels that sit lower in the water compared to canoes. They usually accommodate one or two paddlers who use a double-bladed paddle (a kayak paddle) to propel themselves forward. There are several types of kayaks designed for different purposes:

• Sit-on-Top Kayaks: These are ideal for recreational paddling, fishing, and warm weather conditions. Their open design allows easy entry and exit, making them perfect for beginners or those who want a more casual experience.
• Sit-Inside Kayaks: Sit-inside kayaks offer better protection from the elements and increased stability compared to sit-on-top models. They are often used for touring, sea kayaking, and whitewater paddling.
• Tandem Kayaks: Designed for two paddlers, tandem kayaks can be a fun way to explore with a friend or loved one. Some have separate cockpits while others share a single cockpit.
• Fishing Kayaks: These are specialized kayaks designed specifically for anglers. They often feature rod holders, storage compartments, and other fishing-specific accessories.
• Whitewater Kayaks: Built for navigating fast-moving rivers with rapids, whitewater kayaks are shorter and wider than recreational models to enhance maneuverability.

Canoes are typically wider and more stable than kayaks, often accommodating two or more paddlers. They use a single-bladed paddle (a canoe paddle) held in one hand at a time. Like kayaks, there are various types of canoes:

• Recreational Canoes: These are the most common type of canoe, designed for leisurely paddling on lakes and calm rivers.
• Touring Canoes: Longer and narrower than recreational models, touring canoes offer increased speed and efficiency over longer distances.
• Whitewater Canoes: Similar to whitewater kayaks, these canoes are shorter and wider to navigate rapids effectively.
• Canoe/Kayak Hybrids: These vessels combine features from both kayaks and canoes, offering a versatile option for various paddling conditions.

• Forward Stroke: The most common stroke used for propulsion in both kayaks and canoes. It involves pulling the paddle through the water with a smooth, controlled motion.
• Reverse Stroke: Used to slow down or stop your vessel. Paddle back towards you as if performing a forward stroke in reverse.
• Sweep Stroke: Performed by sweeping the paddle from bow (front) to stern (back), this maneuver allows for turning and changing direction.
• Draw Stroke: Similar to a sweep, but performed closer to the side of your vessel, allowing for tighter turns.

• Life Jackets/PFDs: Always wear a properly fitted life jacket or personal flotation device (PFD) when kayaking or canoeing. This is the single most important safety precaution you can take.
• Paddle Leash: Attach your paddle to yourself with a leash to prevent it from floating away if dropped in the water.
• Whistle: Carry a whistle for signaling other boaters and rescuers in case of an emergency.
• Dry Bag/Waterproof Container: Keep essential items like your phone, keys, and snacks dry by storing them in a waterproof bag or container.
• Sun Protection: Wear sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat to protect yourself from the sun's harmful rays.
• Dress Appropriately: Layer your clothing for warmth and comfort. Avoid cotton fabrics, which can become heavy and uncomfortable when wet.

• Stay Aware of Your Surroundings: Be mindful of other paddlers, boaters, wildlife, and obstacles in the water.
• Signal Intentions: Let others know your intentions by clearly signaling turns or changes in direction.
• Keep a Safe Distance: Maintain a safe distance from shorelines, rocks, and other vessels to avoid collisions.
• Yield Right-of-Way: When encountering another paddler going upstream or coming towards you head-on, yield the right of way.

A properly fitted life jacket is crucial for your safety on the water. Here are a few top-rated options:

• Stohlquist Edge PFD: A versatile, comfortable option suitable for various paddling activities.
• NRS Chinook Zerkel PFD: Known for its excellent range of motion and durable construction.
• Astral V8 Life Jacket: A lightweight, low-profile jacket ideal for whitewater kayaking.

Choosing the right vessel depends on your intended use:

• Recreational Kayak (Beginner): Perception Tribe 12 or Old Town Loon 120
• Touring Kayak (Intermediate/Advanced): Wilderness Systems Tarpon 120 or Dagger Roamer XL
• Whitewater Kayak (Advanced):: Pyranha Burn or Jackson Karma

• Kayaking Paddle: Werner Camano Fiberglass or Aqua-Bound Sting Ray Carbon Fiber
• Canoe Paddle: Bending Branches Viper Carbon or Sawyer Brothers Mini Millstream Classic
• Gloves (Cold Weather): NRS Maverick Neo Glove or Glacier Glove Roughneck II
• Dry Bag: Watershed Ocoee Drybag or SealLine Baja Pack

• Cockpit Cover: Protects your kayak from rain, sun, and debris.
• Water Helmet: Essential for whitewater kayaking and canoeing.
• Spray Skirt (Kayak): Keeps water out of your cockpit while paddling in rough conditions.
• Paddle Bag/Case: Protects your paddle during transport and storage.

Numerous online retailers offer a wide selection of kayaks, canoes, and gear:

• REI
• Amazon
• Canoe & Kayak Outlet
• Backcountry
• Eastern Mountain Sports (EMS)